Learn more at fetalsurgery.chop.edu What is spina bifida? N. Scott Adzick, MD, and other members of CHOP's Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment team discuss the facts about spina bifida and its most common form, myelomeningocele (MMC), as well as the complications it causes for the newborn. Spina bifida begins early in pregnancy with a failure of the skin to close around the spinal column, or neural tube. Movement and prolonged exposure to amniotic fluid cause damage to the exposed spinal cord. Another key spina bifida fact is that it can cause brain damage: leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the opening in the spine can cause the lower portion of the brain to be drawn down into the spinal column. This, in turn, can block circulation of cerebrospinal fluid and cause fluid build up around the brain. After birth, ongoing complications of spina bifida can include paralysis, club feet, bowel and bladder problems, blue spells, breathing problems and other issues that affect quality of life.
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